James nield



PATENT orFIoE.

JAMES NIELD, OF TAUNTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

POWER-LOOM.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 3,954, dated March 15, 1845.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES NIELD, of Taunton, in the State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and `useful Improvement in Looms for Weaving, and that the following description and accompanying drawings taken together constitute a `full and exact specification of my invention.

Figure l, exhibits a top View of a loom having my improvements. Fig. 2, is an elevation of the right hand end thereof. Fig. 3, is an elevation of the left `hand end. Fig. 4 is a vertical and central transverse section taken looking toward the left side.

A, in the dierent iigures denotes the lay, and B, the breast beam of the loom. A series of vertical wires a., 0 a (Fig. 5) projecting from a short horizontal shaft l),

`is placed on thebacliside of the lay near the shuttle box, theshaft l), being supported in suitable bearings'at its ends. Therwires are drawn toward the lay by means of a helical or other proper spring c, lrepresented in Fig. 4, by dotted lines as inserted in the lay connected thereto and attached to a small hook CZ, projecting from the shaft l). A rod e, extends downward from one end ofthe shaft l), and Iat its lower-end it comes just in front of an arm f, projecting downward from the inner end of a horizontal shaft g, (see Fig. 5, which denotes theshaft as applied to the back side of one of the swords of the lay) turning in `bearings applied to the back side of the sword .of the lay. The other end of the shaft g, has an arm is. extendingfrom it at right angles as seen in Figs. l, 4, the said arm having in fro-nt of it a lever i', which rises upward from a horizontal shaft 7a, supported in bearings applied to the frameof the loom.

A short arm Z, extends downward from the shaft 7c, `and is horizontally and underneath a long horizontal sliding bar my, supported in bearings and connected with a vertical lever n, and having a weight o, upon it., and operated or forced back by a cani pon the main shaft p acting on the weightv whenever this end of the lever is not lifted up. Upon the outer end of the horizontal shaft c, ad short arm g extends upward as seen in Fig. 3,.and is jointed to a pulling pawl` r, which engages at its other end with a ratchet wheel s, upon the end of the shaft t, connected with the` cloth beam in the usual manner to take the cloth, and which also in `the `manner to be hereafter described., communicates motion to the machinery by which the shuttle boxes are operated.

j Every time the lay departs away from -the breast beam, the arm s presses forward the upper part o f the lever z', and `thereby `causes the pulling pawl r, to give `motion to the ratchet wheel s, so as to wind the woven cloth beam, or ythus take up the cloth. A block u, having a series of `vertical recesses formed in its `fron side, to receivethe wires, a, a', is placed directly in front of said wires, and is xed upon the top of a vertical arm o, which rises upward on the front side of the lay, and from 1the inner end of a horizontal shaft fw, turning in bearings m, a', applied to the front side `of the sword of t-he lay, as more particularly represented in Fig. 6, which is a front view `of the shaft. An arm y, bent 'or shaped as seen in Fig. 4, extends horizontally `from `the other end of the shaft w, and `rests and moves at its bent. or curved end `upon a `pin e, projecting from the inner side of the frame ofthe loom.v The block u, is drawn toward the wires a, a, andthe arm y, down upon the projection z, `by `means of a spring a connected to a small projection vor `arm b', of the shaft w, and to the sword of the lay. As the lay beats up, the block u, Awill be caused by means of the spring a and the form of the bentarm ay, acting overthe projection or pin z, to advance `gradually toward the wires a, a, a. The sword of the lay has a long spring c secured to it and extending upward, and having its upper end bent at right angles as seen in Fig. 5. A bent fixed arm d .extending from the frame of the. loom, stands directly in front of the spring, and Aof the arm f, of the shaft g.

The bent part. of the top of the spring should come directly back Aof the rod `e of the shaft b. `From the above it will be seen that, while a filling thread from the shuttle is laid between the `block a, and the wires,

a, a, the wires will not enter the vertical spaces or' recesses of the block. The `consequence will be that, when the lay beats up, the spring c will be brought in `Contact with the top of the armd, and pressed forward by the same. The arm 8, will fall so that its end will come belowfthe top-of `the lever z', and will be stopped "from falling further, or too far, bythe arm j", coming in `contact with the fixed arm d. Then `when the .lay

retreats after having beat up the arm 8 will press the lever z' back, or carry it with it and thus cause the pulling pawl r, before mentioned to give motion to the ratchet wheel s, for the purpose of taking up the cloth as tast as it is woven. Now should the lilling thread of the shuttle break during the passage of the shuttle from one box to the other of the lay, no thread will intervene between the block u., and the wires a., a., a. Consequently when the lay beats up, the wires will enter the recesses of the block, and thus fall back a little or so as to cause the rod e, which depends or extends trom the shaft. of the wires, to press against the arm f, of the shaft g, and thereby raise the arm S above the lever 2', so that the retreat of the lay carries this arm over the lever, and does not move it backward so as to cause the pulling pawl to act upon the ratchet wheel s.

Whenever the lever Z is thro-wn backward by the retreat of the lay, it lifts the sliding bar m, so much abo-ve the cam p, that the latter will not act upon the former but when the lever z', is not thrown back in consequence of the breaking of the filling thread the cam 20 will slide the bar, m, backward and thus stop the loom, by its connection with the protection lever known to all persons acquainted with power looms, and which therefore does not require a representation in the drawings. A. small wire e lis passed vertically through and fixed in the shaft g, so as`to come in contact at its top and bottom with the front side of the sword of the lay,

' and thus act as a stop to prevent the arm 8 f from being too far raised or depressed. On

the shaft of the ratchet wheel s, and on the opposite side of the loom there are two wheels f, g, Figs. 1 and 2, with their peripheriesnotched, and so arranged that the notches on one are nearly opposite the spaces between the notches on the other. Two arms ZL g, each attached to a separate arbor, the arbor of the one g passing through the other, rest on the peripheries of the wheels f', g', the arm ZL on wheel g and the arm g on wheel f,-and as the wheels rotate the arms alternately fall into the notches and depress the dogs z" c, attached to their arbors as represented in the drawings.

The dogs 71, Z0, are at such a vdistance apart that a toothed wheel Z which turns on an arbor extending from the sword of the lay, will play between them as the lay beats up. This toothed wheel has a series of pins, m, m', inserted at proper distances apart, in each side of-it, and at such distances from the center of the wheel, that at the expiration of intervals of time, one of the dogs z" or la will be dropped downward by its notched wheel and come in contact with one of the pins m', as the lay beats up, and thus cause the toot-hed wheel Z to 'turn upon its arbor a short or sufficient distance to turn a revolving shuttle box C, so as to bring around another shuttle to the action of the lay. This is effected by means of the toothed wheel Z, engaging with another toothed wheel n fixed at one end of the revolving'v shuttle box. The said shuttle box is formed of two' plates 0 p of metal crossing each other at right angles as seen in sections in Fig. Thwhich represents the parts on an enlarged scale-and thus forming four an gular recesses g r s t, for the reception of shuttles as seen at fu. o o o o, are formed throughthe toothed wheel oli' the shuttle bo-x, for the passage of the shuttles into and through the lay; and the shuttle box is supported in any convenient manner in the end of the lay, so as to rot-ate.

The front part of each shuttle recess of the revolving shuttle box should have a plate Z2 screwed to it, as seen in Fig. l, and in side view in Fig. 8, on the same scale as Fig. 7, and in section in Fig. 7 Only one of these plates is represented in the drawings as applied to one of the recesses of the shuttle box, the remaining recesses being supposed to be similarly provided. On the central part of the plate a2, a lever b2 02 Z2 is jointed at c2 so as to move horizontally. The inner end b2 of the lever has a pin o-r projection (Z3 extending at right angles from it and through a hole formed through the plate a2 and enters a long angular notch e2 formed in the side of the shuttle, the same being represented in Fig. 9, which is a horizontal section of the plate e2 and its lever. The other end of the lever has a rounded projection, or is curved as seen at f2, Fig. 9, and passes through an oriiice formed throughthe side of the plate a2, and rests against the side of the shuttle as seen in Fig. 9. A spring g2 forces this end of the lever inward or toward the shuttle.

When t-he shuttle is thrown into the box, it meets the rounded part f2, of the lever and presses it outward and thereby presses the pin Z3 inwardor into the recess or notch e2 (see Fig. 10, which is a front view of the shuttle so as to exhibit the notch more particularly) and thus contines the shuttle in the recess of the shuttle" box. The outward movement of the end Z2 of the lever causes the lever to bear against an arm h3, which projects vertically from the shaft, from which the projection extends that operates the ordinary pro-tection lever, in order to stop the looms whenever the shuttle is not thrown into the box, or is stopped in its passage from one box to another.

At the terminationof each movement of the shuttle box in its bearings, it is held in its right position with respect to the top surface of the lay by means of a spring catch Suitable openings llO vtaking into one cfaseries of angular notches at b3.

2, 2 o-f a circular plate k2 connected to the shuttle box. The yarn beam is represented at Z2. It has a gear wheel m2 (affixed upon or near one end) which engages with a toothed pinion n2 fixed on a horizontal arbor 02, which is supported and revolves in suit able bearings within a standard p2, projecting from theframe of the loom. A friction pulley g2 is fixed on the shaft 02 by the side of the pinion n2, a strap or band r2, passing part-ly around or over the pulley, and having one end connected to a curved arm or spring s2 and the other to a hook in the top of a stirrup bt, carrying a roller at, in its lower end upon which a lever t2 rests as seen in Figure A. A moveable or sliding weight o2 is applied upon one end of the lever t2, while the other end of the lever is sustained in position by a pin i12-which passes through the lips fw2 w2 (see Fig. ll, whichis a back elevation of the mechanism represented `on the saine scale as Figs. 7 and 8) of a vertical lever a3 b3 03. Similar lips y2 are arranged at the inner end of a horizontal bar or support piece ft, in order to steady or guide the lever which moves longitudinally between them.

Each of the lips 7.02 w2 of the lever a3 b3 c3 has a vertical slot a2 formed through it (see Fig. 4;) through which the pin o2 passes the same being for the purpose of allowing of the correct action of the end of the lever t2. The vertical lever a3 b3 c3 turns on a fulcrum The lever 252 has two horizontal rollers d3 d3 (see Fig. 12,) in'its end which is connected with the lever a3 b3 c3. The upper end c3 of the vertical lever a3 b3 c3, carries another horizontal roller (f3-which rests against the yarn wound upon the yarn beam. From the above it will be seen that the roller Z3 at the lower end of the vertical lever be comes the fulcrum of the horizontal lever, and as the yarn is gradually unwound Jfrom the yarn beam, during the process of weav-Y ing, the upper end of the vertical lever is to be as gradually pressed nearer the beam, or against the yarn thereon, thus causing the lower end of the vertical lever to move in the opposite direction, and thereby move the horizontal lever with it and consequently change the position of the fulcrum of the said horizontal lever to such degree as to cause the weight n2 to exert a less draft on the friction band r2 and thereby keep up a regular or requisite friction upon the beam.

I claiml. The arrangement of parts constituting the peculiar take up motion in combination with the machinery for arresting the progress of the loom, when a filling thread breaks, as the same is represented in the drawings and as above described-and as combined and operating substantially as set forth.

2. I also claim the mode of operating the revolving shuttle box (represented in the drawings) or turning the same around at suitable intervals of time, for the purposes set forth, namely; by means of the vertical cogged wheel Z having pins m, extending from its sides, in combination with the dogs of the notched circular plates and with the pinion on the revolving shuttle box; the same being arranged and operated substantially as set forth.

3. l also claim the employment and use of circular notched plates in combination with the connected pawls and dogs as above described. whether thesame actuates the shut tle box by the mechanism which intervenes between the said plates, with their append ages and the said shuttle box, as hereinbefore set forth, or by any other, which may be adapted thereto; the whole being arranged and operating substantially as above specified.

In testimony that the foregoing is a correct specification of my said invention, I have hereto set my signature this fourth day of February A. D. 1845.

JAMES NIELD.

Witnesses:

' H. VILDING,

JOEL W. WHITE. 

